Previous Year Question

Article 14 — Right of Equality (A-3): Article 14 falls under Part III—Fundamental Rights. It guarantees every person equality before the law and equal protection of the laws. Significantly, the Article uses the expression “any person”, so its protection is not confined only to citizens.

Article 36 — Directive Principles (B-4): Article 36 marks the beginning of Part IV—Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP). Technically, Article 36 does not itself prescribe a specific Directive Principle; it defines “State” for Part IV and gives it the same meaning as in Part III. Article 37 then states that the Directive Principles are not enforceable by courts but are fundamental in the governance of the country. Hence, Article 36 is matched with Directive Principles in the question.

Article 74 — Council of Ministers (C-2): Article 74 provides for a Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister to aid and advise the President. The President may require reconsideration of the advice, but must act in accordance with the advice tendered after such reconsideration.

Article 368 — Amendment Procedure (D-1): Article 368 is contained in Part XX and deals with Parliament's power to amend the Constitution and the procedure for doing so. Ordinarily, an amendment Bill must be passed in each House by a majority of the total membership and by not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting. Amendments affecting specified federal provisions additionally require ratification by the legislatures of not less than one-half of the States.

Thus, the correct matching is—

Article 14 → Right of Equality
Article 36 → Directive Principles
Article 74 → Council of Ministers
Article 368 → Amendment Procedure