Previous Year Question

(a) Ellora Caves — Shakas (Incorrect). The Ellora Caves, located in Maharashtra, were excavated mainly between the 6th and 12th centuries CE. The complex contains 34 major caves associated with Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism. The famous Kailasa Temple (Cave 16) is attributed to the Rashtrakuta ruler Krishna I (approximately 757–783 CE) in the 8th century.

(b) Mahabalipuram — Rashtrakutas (Incorrect). Mahabalipuram in Tamil Nadu is associated with the Pallava dynasty. Its monolithic rathas, mandapas, and rock-cut sculptures were developed under Pallava patronage during the 7th–8th centuries CE. Narasimhavarman I (Mamalla) and Narasimhavarman II (Rajasimha) were important patrons. The famous Shore Temple is associated with the reign of Rajasimha.

(c) Meenakshi Temple — Pallavas (Incorrect). The Meenakshi Amman Temple at Madurai has historical associations with the Pandya dynasty. The present extensive temple complex was significantly expanded under the Nayaka rulers, particularly during the 16th–17th centuries. Thirumalai Nayak (1623–1659 CE) made important contributions to the development of the temple complex and Madurai's architectural tradition.

(d) Khajuraho — Chandelas (Correct). The Khajuraho temples, situated in the Chhatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh, were constructed under Chandela patronage mainly between 950 and 1050 CE. They are renowned for Nagara-style temple architecture and outstanding sculptures. The Kandariya Mahadeva Temple is among the most prominent monuments. The temples represent both Hindu and Jain religious traditions.