Previous Year Question

In Brazil, the Portuguese term Fazenda is used for large agricultural farms or landed estates. Historically, the large coffee plantations of Brazil were especially known as coffee fazendas.

Coffee cultivation expanded rapidly in Brazil during the 19th century. Large coffee estates developed particularly in the Paraíba Valley of Rio de Janeiro and later in São Paulo. These fazendas played an important role in making Brazil a leading producer and exporter of coffee for a long period.

The term Fazenda is not restricted only to coffee plantations; in general, it can also mean a large farm or agricultural estate. However, in world geography, Fazendas is a well-known term for the large coffee plantations of Brazil.

The term Estancias is mainly associated with large cattle ranches in South American countries such as Argentina and Uruguay, whereas Kolkhoz referred to the collective farming system of the former Soviet Union.