Previous Year Question

Albedo is the ratio of solar radiation reflected by a surface to the solar radiation incident upon that surface. It is generally expressed between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. Thus, albedo essentially represents the reflecting power of a surface.

A surface with a high albedo reflects a larger proportion of incoming solar energy and absorbs comparatively less energy. Therefore, snow and ice have very high albedo, whereas dark surfaces such as the ocean have low albedo. According to NOAA, the albedo of snow and ice can be around 0.9, while the general albedo of the ocean can be less than 0.1.

Albedo is also important for the Earth's energy balance and climate. For example, when snow or ice cover decreases, the darker land or ocean surface absorbs more solar energy, which can further enhance warming.