Previous Year Question
Consider the following events and arrange them in correct chronological order.
Poona Pact
End of Civil Disobedience Movement
Gandhi-Irwin Pact
Second Round Table Conference
Select the correct answer from the code given below:
3, 4, 2, 1
4, 3, 1, 2
4, 3, 2, 1
3, 4, 1, 2
Correct Answer: D
Detailed Solution
3. Gandhi-Irwin Pact — 5 March 1931: This agreement was concluded between Mahatma Gandhi and Viceroy Lord Irwin. Following it, the Civil Disobedience Movement was suspended and the Congress agreed to participate in the Second Round Table Conference.
4. Second Round Table Conference — September–December 1931: The Conference was held in London. Mahatma Gandhi participated as the sole official representative of the Indian National Congress. The Conference failed to produce a decisive settlement because agreement could not be reached on issues such as minority representation.
1. Poona Pact — 24 September 1932: Gandhi began a fast in Yeravda Jail against the provision of separate electorates for the Depressed Classes under the Communal Award. This was followed by the Poona Pact between Dr. B. R. Ambedkar and Hindu leaders, which accepted reserved seats within a joint electorate instead of separate electorates.
2. End of Civil Disobedience Movement — 1934: The movement had been resumed after the Second Round Table Conference, but it was gradually withdrawn amid government repression and changing political circumstances. In April 1934, Gandhi advised suspension of wider Civil Disobedience, and Collective Satyagraha was withdrawn on 18 May 1934.
Therefore, the correct order is Gandhi-Irwin Pact → Second Round Table Conference → Poona Pact → End of Civil Disobedience Movement.