Previous Year Question

The Federal Court of India was created under the Government of India Act, 1935. Since the Act of 1935 is not included among the given options, the correct option is (d) None of the above.

Section 200 of the Government of India Act, 1935 provided for the establishment and constitution of the Federal Court.

The Federal Court began functioning at Delhi on 1 October 1937. Its first Chief Justice was Sir Maurice Gwyer, and its initial judges also included Sir Shah Mohammed Sulaiman and M. R. Jayakar.

The Federal Court primarily exercised jurisdiction over federal disputes and constitutional questions. Certain appeals from the High Courts could also be brought before it.

Even after the creation of the Federal Court, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London continued to exercise the final appellate jurisdiction in certain matters.

After the Constitution of India came into force, the Federal Court was replaced by the Supreme Court of India. The Supreme Court came into existence on 26 January 1950 and was inaugurated on 28 January 1950.

Therefore, the Federal Court was created by the Government of India Act, 1935, which is absent from the options; hence option (d) is correct.