Previous Year Question
Consider the following events connected with Indian National Movement and find the correct chronological order of the events from the codes given below:
Demise of B.G. Tilak
Passing of Rowlatt Bill as an Act
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
Amritsar Session of Indian National Congress, 1919
Codes:
2, 3, 4, 1
4, 3, 2, 1
3, 4, 2, 1
1, 2, 3, 4
Correct Answer: A
Detailed Solution
2. Rowlatt Bill becoming an Act — 18 March 1919: After the First World War, the British Government passed the Rowlatt Act to control political activities and revolutionary movements. Its formal name was the Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act, 1919. It gave the Government extensive powers such as arrest and detention without the ordinary judicial process.
3. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre — 13 April 1919: Against the background of opposition to the Rowlatt Act and growing tension in Punjab, a gathering was held at Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar on the day of Baisakhi. Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer ordered firing on the unarmed crowd, killing and injuring a large number of people.
4. Amritsar Congress Session — December 1919: The 34th Session of the Indian National Congress began at Amritsar on 26 December 1919 and was presided over by Motilal Nehru. The Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the repressive measures in Punjab strongly influenced the session, which sharply condemned these events.
1. Demise of B.G. Tilak — 1 August 1920: Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak died in Bombay. He had attended the Amritsar Session of 1919, but died before the Nagpur Session of December 1920.
Therefore, the correct sequence is Rowlatt Act → Jallianwala Bagh Massacre → Amritsar Session → Death of B.G. Tilak.