Previous Year Question

On the basis of the commencement/occurrence of these events, the latest was the Moplah Revolt of 1921.

The earliest among them was the Home Rule Movement in 1916. Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant established Home Rule Leagues to organise the demand for self-government in India. Annie Besant's Home Rule League was inaugurated in September 1916.

Next came the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre on 13 April 1919. At Amritsar, troops acting under the orders of Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer opened fire on a gathering assembled on the day of Baisakhi. The incident became an important turning point in the history of the Indian national movement.

The Khilafat Movement also began in 1919. After the First World War, dissatisfaction grew among Indian Muslims over the position of the Ottoman Empire and the Khalifa. The Khilafat agitation became organised in 1919 and subsequently received support from Gandhiji and became connected with the Non-Cooperation Movement.

The latest was the Moplah or Mappila Revolt, which broke out in August 1921 in the Malabar region. Its background included agrarian grievances, landlord-peasant relations in Malabar and the contemporary Khilafat-Non-Cooperation atmosphere.

In this question, chronology is determined by the year in which an event occurred or a movement began. This distinction is important because the Khilafat Movement, which began in 1919, continued into the early 1920s, whereas the Moplah Revolt began as a distinct event in 1921.

Thus, the sequence is — Home Rule Movement (1916) → Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919) → Khilafat Movement (1919) → Moplah Revolt (1921).