Previous Year Question
Match the List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below the lists:
List-I | List-II | |
A. First Carnatic War | 1. | Ended by Treaty of Paris |
B. Third Carnatic War | 2. | Britishers Lost |
C. Second Carnatic War | 3. | Inconclusive War |
D. First Mysore War | 4. | Ended by Treaty of Aix La Chapelle |
Codes:
A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
Correct Answer: C
Detailed Solution
The First Carnatic War was fought during 1746–1748 between the English and the French. It was the Indian extension of the War of Austrian Succession in Europe. The French captured Madras in 1746, but after the European conflict ended, Madras was restored to the English under the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle of 1748, bringing the First Carnatic War to an end.
The Second Carnatic War of 1749–1754 was mainly connected with English and French intervention in the succession struggles of Hyderabad and the Carnatic. In 1754, the two European companies moved towards a settlement, and under the Treaty of Pondicherry, they agreed to restore territories acquired during the war and refrain from intervention in the affairs of Indian rulers. The Anglo-French rivalry was not finally decided by this war; therefore, the question matches it with “Inconclusive War.”
The Third Carnatic War of 1758–1763 was connected with the wider Seven Years' War. At the Battle of Wandiwash on 22 January 1760, the English decisively defeated the French, after which French political power in South India declined rapidly. The wider Anglo-French conflict ended with the Treaty of Paris, 1763.
In the First Anglo-Mysore War of 1767–1769, Hyder Ali conducted an effective military campaign against the English. In its final phase, he advanced close to Madras and compelled the English to negotiate peace. The war ended with the Treaty of Madras, 1769, with Hyder Ali in a strong position to dictate the peace terms; this is why the question associates it with “Britishers Lost.”