Previous Year Question
Consider the following pairs:
Provision in the Constitution of India | Stated under |
I. Separation of Judiciary from the Executive in the public services of the State | The Directive Principles of State Policy |
II. Valuing and preserving the rich heritage of our composite culture | The Fundamental Duties |
III. Prohibition of employment of children below the age of 14 years in factories | The Fundamental Rights |
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
Only one
Only two
All the three
None
Correct Answer: C
Detailed Solution
All three pairs are correctly matched.
Pair I is correct. Article 50 directs the State to take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State. Article 50 appears in Part IV and is therefore a Directive Principle of State Policy.
Its objective is to protect the subordinate judiciary from improper executive influence and strengthen judicial independence. Under Article 37, Directive Principles are not enforceable by courts, but they are fundamental in the governance of the country.
Pair II is correct. Under Article 51A(f), it is a Fundamental Duty of every citizen to value and preserve the rich heritage of India’s composite culture.
Fundamental Duties were inserted in Part IVA by the Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976. There were originally ten Fundamental Duties. The Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 inserted the eleventh duty as Article 51A(k).
Pair III is correct. Article 24 prohibits the employment of a child below 14 years of age in a factory, mine or any other hazardous employment. Article 24 is situated in Part III and is therefore an enforceable Fundamental Right.
Other constitutional provisions concerning the protection of children include:
Article 21A—free and compulsory education for children aged 6–14 years.
Article 39(e)—protection against abuse of the tender age of children and workers.
Article 39(f)—opportunities for children to develop in a healthy manner and protection against exploitation.
Article 45—early childhood care and education for children below six years.