Previous Year Question

Option (a) is correct. The Ghadar Party was a revolutionary organisation established by Indian expatriates. Its objective was to end British rule in India through an armed revolution and secure the country’s independence.

It was formed in 1913 by Indians living on the Pacific Coast of North America. It was initially also known as the Hindi Association of the Pacific Coast. Its headquarters was established at the Yugantar Ashram in San Francisco.

Sohan Singh Bhakna was its first president, while Lala Har Dayal was its principal ideological leader and general secretary. Its other prominent members included Kartar Singh Sarabha, Pandit Kanshi Ram and Maulvi Barkatullah.

The organisation published the weekly newspaper Ghadar from San Francisco. Its first issue appeared in November 1913. The newspaper aimed to inspire Indians living abroad and Indian soldiers to launch an armed rebellion against British rule.

Option (b) is incorrect: Ghadar activists had contacts in Southeast Asia, but it was not a nationalist organisation operating from Singapore.
Option (c) is incorrect: The organisation operating from Berlin was the Indian Independence Committee or Berlin Committee, not the Ghadar Party.
Option (d) is incorrect: Tashkent was associated with an early Indian communist organisation; it was a movement distinct from the Ghadar Party.