Previous Year Question

Pair 1 is correctly matched: The All India Anti-Untouchability League was formed on 30 September 1932 against the background of Mahatma Gandhi’s fast unto death, the Poona Pact and his call for the eradication of untouchability. Gandhi was in Yeravada Jail when it was formally established. Ghanshyam Das Birla became its president and Amritlal V. Thakkar became its secretary. It was subsequently renamed the Harijan Sevak Sangh. The question identifies Gandhi as its leader, not as its formal founder; therefore, the pair is correct.

Pair 2 is correctly matched: Swami Sahajanand Saraswati established the Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha in 1929. The first All India Kisan Congress was held during the Lucknow session of the Congress in April 1936, leading to the formation of the All India Kisan Sabha. Swami Sahajanand Saraswati became its first president, while N. G. Ranga became its general secretary. Its major demands included the abolition of the Zamindari system, reduction of land revenue and protection of peasants’ rights.

Pair 3 is correctly matched: E. V. Ramaswami Naicker, popularly known as ‘Periyar’, started the Self-Respect Movement in Tamil Nadu in 1925. It sought to oppose caste dominance, social inequality and religious orthodoxy. The movement promoted rationalism, women’s rights, inter-caste marriages and Self-Respect marriages conducted without priests.