Previous Year Question

The three basic factors that directly change the size of a population are births, deaths and migration. According to NCERT, population growth has two types of components: natural and induced. Natural growth is determined by birth and death rates, whereas the induced component is associated with the inward and outward movement of
people, i.e. migration.

In simple terms: births increase population, deaths decrease population, and migration can either increase or decrease the population of an area. NCERT explicitly states that trends in India's population growth are influenced by the annual birth rate, death rate and rate of migration.

Morbidity refers to the occurrence of illness or poor health in a population. It can affect mortality, life expectancy and the health system, but in population accounting it is not treated as a direct demographic component of population change in the same way as births, deaths and migration.