Previous Year Question
Which of the following is considered a major cause of the Swadeshi Movement?
Correct Answer: C
Detailed Solution
The Partition of Bengal in 1905 was the major immediate
trigger for the Swadeshi Movement.
Lord Curzon's government implemented the Partition of Bengal
in 1905. Indian nationalists viewed the measure not merely as an administrative reorganisation but as an attempt to weaken the growing nationalist movement. NIOS explicitly connects the Partition of Bengal with the rise of the Swadeshi Movement.
The current NCERT history textbook similarly discusses the 1905 Partition of Bengal and the national awakening that followed, identifying Swadeshi and boycott as important forms of mass action that emerged in its aftermath.
The movement encouraged Indians to boycott foreign goods
and adopt indigenous or Swadeshi products. NIOS also identifies boycott and Swadeshi as the principal methods adopted in the agitation against Bengal's partition.